What is the term for starting a computer with no files loaded in memory?

When a computer is started with no files loaded in memory, it is referred to as a cold boot. This process involves initializing the computer from a powered-off state, where the system performs a full hardware check and loads the operating system from scratch. This is in contrast to a warm boot, which restarts the computer without turning off the power entirely, often performed through the operating system's restart function.

Cold booting ensures that the computer is in a clean state, free from any residual processes or memory allocations that may have occurred during previous sessions. Additionally, it is crucial for ensuring that any hardware changes are recognized by the system and that all components initialize correctly.

Understanding this terminology is important in the context of computing, as it establishes a fundamental concept of how computers start and the implications of different boot processes on system performance and stability.