Identify the type of software that manages and controls computer hardware.

The correct answer is System Software, which serves as the foundation for managing and controlling computer hardware. System software includes the operating system and any software that supports application software. The operating system, a key component of system software, facilitates communication between hardware components and software applications, ensuring that all parts of the computer work together efficiently.

System software operates at a fundamental level, allowing for the management of hardware resources, including the CPU, memory, and storage devices. It also provides essential services such as file management, process management, and device management. This contrasts with application software, which is designed to perform specific tasks for users, and utility software, which helps maintain, manage, and control computer resources but does not directly control hardware at the level of the operating system. Understanding the role of system software is crucial for grasping how computers operate and manage their internal components.